A bill of lading (BL or BoL) is a legal document issued by a carrier to a shipper that details the type, quantity, and destination of the goods being carried. A bill of lading also serves as a shipment receipt when the carrier delivers the goods at a predetermined destination.

An air waybill or air consignment note is a receipt issued by an international airline for goods and an evidence of the contract of carriage, it is a document of title to the goods. Hence, the air waybill is non-negotiable.

The allowable quantity of imported goods at a low tariff negotiated in a trade agreement

It is a provision in addition to economic, financial, air and maritime treaties and agreements, under which each State undertakes to grant the other the same privileges, facilities or exemptions that it has previously granted or may grant in the future to a third State, a principle of the World Trade Organization.

Demurrage charges occur after the loaded export container has been returned to the possession of the steamship line but cannot be shipped out due to non-carrier related errors once the allotted free time has expired. For example, if the exporter fails to provide required export information or documentation in a timely manner, the steamship will be unable to load the container onto the originally scheduled vessel and will roll the container to a new vessel. Demurrage charges would apply for the additional storage period until the container is shipped on board the next vessel.

Detention is charged for export containers in which the empty container has been picked up for loading, and the loaded container is returned to the steamship line after the allotted free time. Steamship lines typically provide 5 free days for the shipper to pick up the empty container, load it, and return it full to the port. If the container is not returned during this free time, the line will charge detention for the additional days the container is in the possession of the consignee.

Flooring and storage allowance in port yards shall be paid by the importer or authorized to clear the goods after the expiry of the given grace period, and the grace period is usually seven days.

These taxes are usually levied on goods imported into or exported to the country. These taxes may be a value estimated as a percentage of the value of the commodity, or they may take the form of a fixed amount imposed on the commodity whatever its value. These are known as qualitative taxes. As a tool to raise revenues for the government and as a tool to protect domestic producers from foreign competition.

A certificate issued by the Chamber of Commerce in the exporting country showing the place of manufacture or production of the goods to be exported. It is used to control the leakage of economically boycotted or prohibited goods.

A restriction imposed by a government on the amount or number of goods or services that may be exported within a given period, usually with the intent of keeping prices of those goods or services low for domestic users.

An invoice indicating the quantity and value of the goods sent and their specifications and the delivery condition associated with the price, issued by the exporter and certified by the Chambers of Commerce.

Contains all tariffs and other import requirements (detailed and per product) applied by a country to its imports

An official document prepared by authorized clearing agents who calculate and calculate the customs duties and taxes to be levied by the customs authorities. The customs declaration shall be prepared accurately and in conformity with the cargo manifest of the vessel, which shall be submitted by the transport company to the customs authorities in order to avoid customs fines.

Authorization is required for all chemicals and raw materials normally exported in the country of destination

They are public or private warehouses under the supervision of the customs authorities in which the goods are stored under the supervision of the Customs Department before they are subjected to clearance procedures.

A document describing the products indicating their value, weight, name of exporter, carrier, port of departure, country of destination, place of destination, and submitted to customs authorities upon export.

Goods stored in the public warehouses by the owners in preparation for payment of fees or taxes due in the event of clearance or part of it or re-export.

A set of rules contained in trade agreements with a view to facilitating the determination of the country of origin. The determination of the country of origin is used to obtain preferential tariff exemptions provided for in free trade agreements.

An invoice prepared by the exporter based on a sale or inquiry order, and the importer's receipt of this invoice does not oblige him to purchase the products. This document contains a full description of the products, prices, import specifications, expected delivery dates, payment terms, route, packing, shipping, insurance, unloading of goods. This document may be necessary for the importer to obtain a government license to import or to open a documentary credit

A document issued by the exporter showing the contents and number of each package, the weight of the shipment, the name of the importer, and the commercial invoice number, describing the products and their specifications accurately.

Is a license or permit issued to the importer by a competent government authority allowing him to bring in certain quantities of specific goods and goods, which can only be imported with such a license. It is a government tool for controlling and controlling transnational trade, a mechanism for verifying and implementing trade policies with regard to granting preferential treatment and ensuring that pre-approval as well as compulsory health and safety requirements are met.

A government document that allows the exporter to export specific goods to a country.

Recovery of fees paid on imported goods upon re-export

This certificate provides analytical data for the goods required and what materials are in their manufacture and certifies that the product is fit for human or animal consumption.

An internationally recognized classification system for goods that are traded internationally under a single commodity code, where materials are grouped according to the nature of the materials made of them.

An internationally recognized classification system for goods that are traded internationally under a single commodity code, where materials are grouped according to the nature of the materials made of them.

A certificate stating that the exported grain, seeds or plant seedlings are disease free.

A certificate showing the true weight of the goods and requests for homogeneous goods that depend on weight such as rice, sugar and iron.

Document specifying the specifications, sizes and measurements of the goods in terms of length, width, thickness and any other specifications, and also shows the quantity of goods in cubic meters, and is usually used for goods that depend on size and measurement and not weight or packing such as wood and some types of iron.

A certificate issued by competent companies such as LLOYDS or SGS where goods are inspected and inspected immediately prior to shipment to ensure their specifications. Also, the goods can be inspected at the port of arrival if they are perishable during the shipping period.

This certificate is required for materials that need to be analyzed to determine the percentage of their components and must be issued by specialized bodies such as laboratories.

Upon the passage of imported or exported goods at customs checkpoints or customs clearance, they should be equipped with permits to facilitate their passage.

It is an undertaking that is required from importers, warehouse owners, transport companies and persons who import and handle goods subject to customs duties.The purpose of this undertaking is to protect the interest of the government during the presence of such goods in the warehouses or during their handling and clearance of their transactions before clearing customs duties.

A natural or juridical person who is responsible for clearing official transactions related to imported goods, clearing them of customs, preparing the papers of goods prepared for export and submitting them to the customs authorities, as well as submitting other documents and documents required by government authorities in foreign countries.

Transactions and formalities that include payment of duties and presentation of customs documents necessary to clear imported goods after landing at an air, sea or land customs checkpoint.

Taxes imposed on imports from a particular country at a higher tax rate than the rate charged on similar imports from other countries.

Transporting goods from sending centers to reception centers and ports with a view to temporarily depositing them, making some manufacturing operations, wrapping or packing them, and then re-exporting them without paying customs duties.

Barriers to freedom of trade other than tariffs, such as other restrictions on foreign goods, such as domestic support for some national goods.

It is a piece of paper, printed statement, metal, leather or the like affixed to the goods or to the container in which the goods are packaged to describe the contents of the container and mention the entity to which the goods are shipped and to indicate their origin and price.

A symbol used to distinguish a commercial product from similar products produced by competitors. Trademarks are legally protected against infringement by third parties in domestic and international law.

The statement prepared by the master of the ship on the goods unloaded from the ship to a particular port and a copy of which is sent to the customs authority and freight forwarders. This statement contains a full description of the goods, the name of the importer, the weight, number of packages, the size of the goods, the name of the vessel, the flight number, the loading port, the port of discharge.

It is a tariff established for the purpose of protecting or encouraging a local industry by placing a high tariff rate on imported goods that compete with similar locally manufactured goods. Such tariffs promote and diversify the national industry but at the same time raise the cost of production and thus affect the purchasing power. For citizens.

Is the export of goods or goods that have already been imported from a foreign country without manufacture or any major change in them. This process occurs if the goods are rejected by the importer due to irregularities in the shipping conditions. The goods are also re-exported to the country of origin or to any other country if the customs and health authorities refuse to clear them because they are unfit for human consumption.

The amount imposed by the government on the indirect tax on goods exported abroad and paid by the exporter, whether borne by himself or transported to the product or charged by the importer, and also includes the fees imposed by the government in exchange for the right to export.

Financial assistance provided by the government to local companies to encourage exports and help the state balance of payments. Other countries see export incentives as unfair trade practice, prompting them to take retaliatory action.

An arrangement between an exporting country and an importing State that limits the volume of trade of a particular product or products, namely restricting exports and imports between two countries within a certain limit or a percentage of domestic sales in the importing State. Thus, the Export Control Agreement is a measure that protects domestic producers in the importing State from foreign competition Balance of payments in that state.

State subsidies to encourage exports.

Harbor or Port Dues